Concrete is strong in compression but it still needs uniform support underneath it. A slab poured over loose, uncompacted fill, or over soil with soft spots, will settle unevenly over time, and no amount of extra concrete thickness fixes that. Before any slab gets poured, the sub-base gets excavated to the right depth, brought up with compactable fill or gravel, and compacted in layers so the slab has even support edge to edge.
Garage floors that need to carry a vehicle get a thicker, properly compacted base than a basement floor that just needs to support foot traffic and furniture. Shed and equipment pads get sized to the load they're actually holding, whether that's a small storage shed or a generator that needs a level, stable platform. Skipping this step to save time is the single most common reason a slab cracks or settles within the first few years.